During his lifetime, Hugh Ferriss was called “the Nation’s number one Architectural artist.” Ferriss’s masterful depictions of American architecture, with dramatic structures silhouetted against misty backdrops, chronicled the development of industry, urbanism, and planning in pre-World War II United States. While Ferriss’s visions were vast and monumental, his drawings all reflect a simple premise: that “the underlying truth of a building is that it is a mass in space” ("Visions in Charcoal," 54).
Ferriss was born in St. Louis in His father, Franklin Ferriss, sat on the Missouri Supreme Court and taught at Washington University in the School of Law. Ferriss attended the Manual Training School in St. Louis, and then studied at Washington University, graduating with a degree in architecture in As a student, he was highly active, serving as class president and student body president, as well as being involved in several fraternities.
In , Ferriss moved to New York City, where he entered the practice of Cass Gilbert, a renowned architect who had previously designed buildings for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, as well as the St. Louis Central Librar
About a hundred years ago the Beaux Art movement was at its height. Practically all architects were either trained or influenced by the process and style of the French school. Typically, designs were presented in plan, elevation and section, drawn in ink with watercolor rendering of shade and shadow. These drawings were at best austerely impressive, but at worst dull and repetitive.
About a hundred years ago the Beaux Art conventions were being revised and stretched, questioned and ignored. One of the architects trained in the Beaux Art tradition, but willing to try something entirely new was Hugh Ferriss. Born in St. Louis in , Ferriss became an architect as the first era of skyscrapers was coming of age. Louis Sullivan&#;s Auditorium Building (considered the first tall building which developed its aesthetic from its height) was opened the year that Ferriss was born. saw the completion of the Woolworth Building, in New York City, by Cass Gilbert, the architect whose office Ferriss joined in
Ferriss&#;s genius lay in delineating architecture, and he became the first freelance architectural renderer in His early renderings present an extreme contrast to the conventi
Hugh Ferriss was trained as an architect at Washington University in his native St. Louis, Missouri. Though Ferriss had an architecture degree he chose to spend most of his career as a delineator, an artist who creates renderings of other architect’s designs for the purposes of advertising and city planning. In , Ferriss arrived in New York City and was soon employed as a delineator for Cass Gilbert. In , he set up shop as an independent architectural delineator. His drawings were being regularly featured by such diverse publications as Century, the Christian Science Monitor, Harper´s Magazine and Vanity Fair. In , New York City had passed landmark zoning laws that regulated and limited the mass of buildings according to a formula. The reason was to counteract the tendency for buildings to occupy the whole of their lot and go straight up as far as was possible. Since many architects were not sure exactly what these laws meant for their designs, in the skyscraper architect Harvey Wiley Corbett commissioned Ferriss to draw a series of four step-by-step perspectives demonstrating the architectural consequences of the zoning law. These four drawings would later be used in his book
Hugh Ferriss
– Helen Thomas
In a series of laws came into force in the city of New York called the Zoning Ordinance, the first of its kind in America, which regulated building use, area and height of new buildings. It also described maximum heights and setback limits as well as defining the physical qualities of different zones, such as residential and industrial, within the city. In Hugh Ferriss was commissioned by the skyscraper architect Harvey Wiley Corbett to create a series of drawings that explored how these laws impacted on the formal massing of tall buildings. These became known as The Four Stages or Evolution of the Set-back Building, laying out the formal principles for a new kind of skyscraper. Ferriss had trained as an architect in Washington before coming to New York to work as a delineator for Cass Gilbert and then independent practice. By he had developed his atmospheric style of drawing buildings within a night-time cityscape that proved attractive to many architects seeking to influence their clients and public opinion, and his work began to be published in newspapers and magazines. In he published an influential book called The Me
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